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The original languages of the Holy Scriptures designed for the Charles Finney Bible School. Textus Receptus - Original Languages Of The Christian Bible Download Bible Search Software (8.2MB King James, The Greek, Hebrew and Strongs, Compact .zip format) Many people have asked, Why we use the King James? |
| New Testament [OT]
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What language was the Bible originally written in?
At the beginning of the Christian era, Aramaic, in various dialects was the dominant spoken language of Syria and Mesopotamia. It developed a number of literary dialects, known as Palestinian Jewish Aramaic, Samaritan Aramaic, Syro-Palestinian Christian Aramaic, Syriac, Babylonian Talmudic Aramaic, and Mandaic Aramaic. In Galilee and Samaria, Aramaic dialects became the day-to-day means of communication.
It is generally agreed that the inhabitants of Palestine, at the dawn of the first century, were acquainted in varying degrees with the Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin.
Meyer argued that Jesus' mother tongue was Aramaic and that most of the New Testament writings were originally written in Aramaic and later translated into Greek. Dalman agrees with the fact that Aramaic was the spoken language of the Jews in New Testament time. He concluded that Jesus grew up in Aramaic environment, and that He had to use Aramaic in order to be understood by his disciples and the people.
More recently too, Dupont-Sommer argued that, Aramaic was the only language current among ordinary people at the time of Jesus, and that it was the language spoken by Jesus and the Apostles. Similarly, Altheim and Stiehl argued that from the beginning of the Hellenistic era (the time between the Old and New Testaments), Aramaic had completely supplanted Hebrew as a spoken language.
To simplify the matter, we can say that the most widely spoken language was Galilean Aramaic in Galilee, Samaritan Aramaic in Samaria, and Rabbinic Hebrew in Judea, although, at certain times and places, more than one language may have been used. Since Jesus began his career as a Galilean rabbi, well versed in the Scripture, It is highly probable that he was able to converse in Hebrew as in Aramaic.
Passages of the Old Testament written in the Aramaic language are called Biblical Aramaic. They occur in Ezra 4:8; 6:18 and 7:12-26. Daniel 2:4,7:28; and the gloss in Jer. 10:11 and Gen 31:47.
Various scholars have tried to show that the original language of a number of books from the Persian and Hellenistic periods (from about 500 BC up till the New Testament times), were written in Aramaic, and that they were later translated into Hebrew. This view has been presented in connection with Job, Koheleth, Daniel, Esther, 1 and 2 Chronicles, proverbs, and Ezekiel
In the New Testament, various Aramaic words or expressions occur, e.g. "Talitha Cumi" (little girl, stand up) Mark 5:41; "Ephphata" (etphtah, be opened) Mark 7:34; "Eli, Eli, Lama Shabachthani" (my God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me) Matt.27:46, Mark 15:34; "Rabboni" (my Lord) Mark 10:51, John 20:16; "Maran Atha" (our Lord, come) Cor. 16:22.
Aramaic influence is apparent in personal names such as " Cephas" John 1:42, 1 Cor 1:12 and "Tabitha" Acts 9:36, 40, and in place names, including "Akeldama" (field of blood) Acts 1:19; "Gesthsemane (oil press) Matt 26:36, Mark 14:32; and "Golgotha" (skull) Mark 15:22
| Old Testament [NT] | ||
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